Consonants: 23 Phonemes
| Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Alveolar | Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | |||||
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g | ' | |||
| Affricate | c | (č) (ğ) | |||||
| Fricative | f v | s z | š (ž) | x r | h | ||
| Approximant | j | ||||||
| Lateral | l |
- * Scientific transcription is used (cf. writing system of Modern Hebrew).
- * Phonemes in parentheses appear only in loanwords.
Vowels: 5 Phonemes
| Front | Center | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Accent: Stress Accent
- Ultimate stress (default; not indicated in transcription)
- Penultimate stress (indicated with ´ over stressed vowels in transcription)
- Antepenultimate stress (indicated with ´ over stressed vowels in transcription)
Intonation
- Falling intonation: declarative sentences, interrogative sentences with interrogative pronouns
- Rising intonation: interrogative sentences without interrogative pronouns
- Rising-falling intonation: rhetorical-ironical interrogative sentences